Parameter values. The value of each individual parameter is derived from two benchmarks: effectiveness and progression.
a) Effectiveness. Effectiveness bechmark determines the level - 0 %, 25 %, 50 % , 75 % and 100 % - of fulfilment of individual anti-corruption parameters (requirements) in drafted or adopted legislation.
b) Progression. Progression benchmark monitors in which phase of legislative process are proposals of legal regulations which try to implement the outlined anti-corruption parameters (requirements). This is complemented by a wide-ranging media monitoring which helps to detemine to which extent the adopted laws containing the aforementioned anti-corruption parameters (requirements) are enforced.
Evaluation of parameter values. Fulfilment of individual parameters in the perspective of effectiveness is assessed by academics of the Department of Political Science of the University of Economics, Prague and by legal experts of Lexperanto association. The changes of parameters' values are compared to the base level that corresponds to the state of anti-corruption measures on 1 September 2015. They are regularly assessed at the end of each month and compared to the state at the end of the previous month.
Scope of parameters. Anti-Corruption Barometer strives to monitor all areas of corruption concerning public sector. Anti-Corruption Barometer, however, does not monitor the implementation of anti-corruption measures that concern solely private sector because of the difficulty to distinguish in this sector acts of corruption and pure economic criminality. Anti-Corruption Barometer parameters are categorized into five general areas and into twenty-one more detailed sub-areas. The ambition of Anti-Corruption Barometer is to cover all areas that concern public sector or are related with this sector.
Contents of parameters. Each sub-area aggregating normally five to ten parameters creates functional solution of the corruption problem in given context. Individual parameters per se do not bring the solution of corruption. Solutions of corruption problems in different areas are in the vast majority derived from general principles encompassed within the international documents and in certain cases are adapted to the Czech environment.
Resources - mainstream v. alternative sources of parameters. Most parameters of Anti-Corruption Barometer are derived from documents of international organizations, such as UN, OECD or EU, and are complemented with more targeted documents of Czech public institutions, NGOs or expert publications in the area of corruption. The resources are, where possible, sorted by the level of authority – from international institutions via European organisations to national authorities. From the factual point of view, the resources are sorted from the most general to the most specific ones and according to the time when they were published (from the newest to the oldest).
Wording of parameters. The wording of parameters is derived from the wording of source documents. For better understandability it is not purely copied from these sources. The wording of parameters is rephrased in a way to make them simple and easily comprehensible while keeping a material relationship with the original source text.
Positive or negative outlook? Since on the basis of anticorruption parameters monitoring the state of adoption and effectiveness of systemic anti-corruption measures it is not possible to capture either the impact of prosecution of corruption criminality nor the “(anti)corruption” atmosphere in the society, the category called “Outlook” complements the anticorruption parameters following the model of rating agencies. The “Outlook” is aimed at the upcoming month on the basis of the information from the preceding month by the Anti-corruption Barometer Team.
Source documents
UN
- UN: United Nations Convention against Corruption, 14 December 2005
- UN: General Assembly resolution 51/59 containing International Code of Conduct for Public Officials, 12 December 1996
OECD
- Lunn, P., Regulatory Policy and Behavioural Economics, OECD Publishing, 2014
- OECD: The 10 Principles for Transparency and Integrity in Lobbying, 2013
- OECD: Guidelines for Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Service, June 2013
- OECD: OECD Guidelines on Boards of Directors of State-Owned Enterprises, 2013
- OECD: Behind the Corporate Veil: Using Corporate Entities for Illicit Purposes, 2011
- OECD. Accountability and Transparency. A Guide for State Ownership, OECD Publishing, 2010
- OECD: Principles for Integrity in Public Procurement, OECD, 2009
- OECD: Revolving Doors, Accountability and Transparency - Emerging Regulatory Concerns and Policy Solutions in the Financial Crisis, Expert Group on Conflict of Interest, Paris, 28 April 2009
- OECD: Bribery in Public Procurement: Methods, Actors and Counter Measures, OECD Publishing, 2007
- OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-owned Enterprises, OECD, 2005
- OECD: Recommendation on Improving Ethical Conduct in the Public Service including Principles for Managing Ethics in the Public Service, 1998
- OECD, Bueb, J.-P., Ehlermann-Cache, N., Inventory of Mechanisms to Disguise Corruption in the Bidding Process in Fighting Corruption and Promoting Integrity in Public Procurement, OECD Publishing
EUROPEAN COMMISSION
- European Commission: Staff Working Document, European Commission, Report on the Czech Republic, (COM(2015) 85 final)
- European Commission Recommendation for a Council Recommendation on the 2015 National Reform Programme of the Czech Republic and delivering a Council opinion on the 2015 Convergence Programme of the Czech Republic, COM(2015) 254 final
- European Commission: Better Regulation Toolbox, SWD(2015) 111
- European Commission: EU Anticorruption Report, Annex Czech Republic, Annex 3, COM(2014) 38 final
- European Commission: Staff Working Document: Assessment of the 2013 national reform programme and convergence programme for the Czech Republic. Brussels, 29.5.2013; SWD(2013) 353 final
EU PARLIAMENT
- European Parliament: European Code of Good Administrative Behaviour, 6 September 2001
COUNCIL OF EUROPE
- GRECO (Council of Europe): Third Evaluation Round - Compliance Report on the Czech Republic, ”Transparency of Party Funding”, Strasbourg, 4 April 2013
- GRECO (Council of Europe): Evaluation Report on the Czech Republic on Transparency of party funding (Theme II), Strasbourg, 1 April 2011
- Council of Europe: Recommendation Rec (2007) 15 on measures concerning media coverage of election campaigns, 2007
- Recommendation CM/Rec(2007)7 (Committee of Ministers): Recommendation to member states on good administration, 20 June 2007
- Council of Europe: Recommendation Rec(2003)4 on common rules against corruption in the funding of political parties and electoral campaigns, 8 April 2003
- Council of Europe (Committee of Ministers): Recommendation Rec(2002)2 on access to official documents; 21 February 2002
- Council of Europe's Parliamentary Assembly: Recommendation 1516 (2001) on the financing of political parties, 22 May 2001
- Council of Europe (Committee of Ministers): Recommendation No. R (2000) 6 on the status of public officials in Europe; 24 February 2000
- Council of Europe (Committee of Ministers): Recommendation No. R (2000) 10 on codes of conduct for public officials; 11 May 2000
- Committee of Ministers of Council of Europe: Principle 15 of Resolution (97) 24 on the twenty guiding principles for the fight against corruption, 6 November 1997
- Council of Europe (Committee of Ministers): Recommendation No. R (87) 16 on administrative procedures affecting a large number of persons; 17 September 1987
- Council of Europe (Committee of Ministers): Recommendation No. R (84) 15 relating to public liability; 18 September 1984
- Council of Europe (Committee of Ministers): Recommendation No. R (91) 10 on the communication to third parties of personal data held by public bodies; 9 September 1991
- Council of Europe (Committee of Ministers): Recommendation No. R (81) 19 on the access to information held by public authorities; 25 November 1981
- Council of Europe (Committee of Ministers): Resolution (77) 31 on the protection of the individual in relation to the acts of administrative authorities; 28 September 1977
CZECH GOVERNMENT AND INSTITUTIONS
- Czech Government Anti-corruption Conception for years 2015 - 2017
- Czech Government Anti-corruption Action Plan for 2015
- The Parliamentary Institute (The Parliament of the Czech Republic): Legal regulation of the conflict of interest of deputies and other public officials, A Comparative study of regulations of selected EU countries, April 2005
- Methodology for corruption risk assessment, January 2013
- 2012 Annual report of the Czech Intelligence Service
- Resolution of the Government of the Czech Republic: General principles for regulation of impact assessment (RIA), 2007, updated version dated 2011
- National Economic Council of the Government: Competitiveness strategy framework, March 2011
- Methodology for involving the general public of government documents, Ministry of Interior of the Czech Republic, April 2010
- 2010 Annual report of the Czech Intelligence Service
- Institute for International Relations, Ministry of foreign affairs of the Czech Republic: Project cycle manual for foreign development cooperation of the Czech Republic, 2006
- Ministry of Regional Development of the Czech Republic: Cost & Benefit Analysis, Methodical Guide, May 2004
- Ministry of Regional Development of the Czech Republic: Feasibility study, Methodical Guide, May 2004
- Information about a further action in the area of lobbying regulation in the Czech Republic and principles for the proposal of an Act on lobbying
- Methodology for determination of the amount and origin of administration burden for enterpreneurs (calculator of administration burden of enterpreneurs)
- Methodology for determination of planned costs for public administration (calculator for determination of planned costs for public administration)
WORLD ECONOMIC FORUM
- World Economic Forum: Global Competitiveness Report 2015, Country profile: Czech Republic, indicator 1.04 – Public trust in politicians (138th place out of 144 countries)
- World Economic Forum, Organised Crime Enablers, 2013
VENICE COMMISSION
- Venice Commission: the Code of Good Practice in the field of Political Parties, Venice, 12-13 December 2008 (including the Explanatory Report of 14-15 March 2009, CDL-AD(2009)021)
- Venice Commission: Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters: Guidelines and Explanatory report, Venice, 18-19 October 2002, CDL-AD(2002)023rev
- Venice Commission: Guidelines and Report on the Financing of Political Parties, CDL-INF(2001)008 - (Venice, 9-10 March 2001)
NGOs
- Transparency International: Curbing Corruption in Public Procurement, A Practical Guide, 2014
- Ondráčka, D., Vymětal, P., Transparent financing of electoral campaigns to the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of teh Czech Republic in 2013, Transparency International Czech Republic, Otakar Motejl Fund – Our Politicians, 2013
- Transparency International: Corruption risks in the Visegrad Countries – Visegrad Integrity System Study, 2012
- Transparency International Czech Republic, Conflict of interest – Czech Republic [online]
- Frank Bold: Governance, transparency and public participation in transport infrastructure Projects, 2014
- REST. Electronic asset declaration as of the date of entry into a public office, Reconstruction of the State, 2013
- REST. Transparent financing of political parties and electoral campaigns, Reconstruction of the state [online]
- REST. Depolitisation of the civil service, Reconstruction of the State [online], 2013
- REST. Extension of supervisory powers of the Supreme Control Authority, Reconstruction of the State [online], 2013
- Analysis of the Green Circle – Legislative amendments of deputies, Rekonstrukce státu, 2013
- Anticorruption Endowment / Public Against Corruption, Initiative End to Corruption – Proposal for abolition of anonymous paper shares, 2011, [online]
- Anticorruption Endowment / Public Against Corruption: Initiative End to Corruption – Proposal for abolition of anonymous paper shares, 2011, [online]
- Transparency International Czech Republic: Whistleblowing and the protection of whistleblowers in the Czech Republic, November 2009, p. 15 – 17
- Oživení: Analysis of conflict of interest of the civic association Oživení: [online]
- Oživení: Proposal of a code of ethics for a representative [online]
STUDIES AND PUBLICATIONS
- Titl, V., Palanský, M., Skuhrovec, J., Analysis of gifts by legal persons to political parties, Center for Applied Economy, 2014
- Fadrný, M., Bouda, P., Czech Republic, the country of gravy trains, Frank Bold, 2014
- Navrátil, V., Preferential Voting at the Time of the First Czechoslovak Republic, Revue Politics, 10/2013
- Revealing corporate structures of public contractors, Center for Applied Economy, October 2013
- Political control and corruption potential of state-owned enterprises, Center for Applied Economy, 11 September 2013
- Myerson, R., Democratic Decentralization and Economic Development, Chicago University, February 2013 [online]
- Fadrný, M., Kraus, L.,Position document of the Environmental Law Service on the issue of transparency of the legislative process and lobbying regulation, 31 January 2013
- Vondráček, O., Havrda, M., Corruption as a Parasite – Manual How to Combat It, 2013
- Bureš, M., Klimešová, M., Transparent financing of political parties – which changes are necessary? Public administration (magazine), 21/2013
- Chvalkovská, J., Analysis of financial costs and performance quality of the state administration, Center for Applied Economy, April 2013
- Vondráček, O., Electronic securities – Transparency of Corporate Ownership Structures, Auditorium, 2013
- Revealing corporate structures of public contractors, Center for Applied Economy, October 2013
- Public Money and Corruption Risks – A Comparative Analysis, Frank Bold, 2013
- Bouda, P., Bureš, R., Klimešová, M., Financing of political parties in the Czech Republic and the necessary changes of regulation, Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic, 2012
- Kameník, M., Plhoň, T., Šanc, F.,More than a Public Procurement Act: economy, transparency and accountability in public purchases, Oživení, 2012
- Business corporations controlled by the state and municipalities: Do they need stricter rules, Environmental Law Services and Center for Applied Economy, 5 November 2011
- Profitability of firms with paper bearer shares in public procurement, Center for Applied Economy, 15 May and 30 August 2011
- Novotný, J., Lichard, T., Palguta, J., Corruption: Not only a fiscal problem and its solutions) in Kohout, P. and coll., Collection of texts of a working group for the fight against corruption, National Economic Government Council, June 2011
- -Kohout, P. and coll., Collection of texts of a working group for the fight against corruption, National Economic Government Council, June 2011
- Bouda, P., Boudal, J., Fadrný, M., Public control of commercial companies owed by state and municipalities, Analysis and recommendations for extension of competence of the Supreme Control Authority, Environmental Law Services, Brno, 2011
- Kameník, M.et al., Openness of tender procedures in the Czech Republic, Oživení, 2011
- Conclusions of the expert tables on lobbying, Respect Institute - Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic - Lenka Andrýsová, 2011
- Černý, P., Klanicová, K., A Clientelist or Legal State? Environmental Law Service, Prague, 2010
- Kudrna, J., Preferential Voting in the Election to the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic, Scientific project, MSM 0021620804, 2010
- Lebeda, T., Municipal elections mislead. Short essay on problematic aspecs of the electoral system for municipal councils, Acta Politologica, Vol. 1, No. 3, 2009
- Pavel, J., Efficiency of functioning of public procurement control systems in the Czech Republic, Transparency International Czech Republic, October 2009
- Bartoň, M., Dienstbier, F., Horáková, M. and coll., Controlling mechanisms for the functioning of public administration, Olomouc: Periplum 2009
- Pavel, J., Using business corporations in the Czech Republic on the example of regional cities, Transparency International Czech Republic, 2008
- Richter, T., How (not) to help the legislative process, Právní rozhledy 15(3), 2007
- Povolná, V., How to participateon the preparation of (not only) laws – A manual for participation of the public in the preparation of legal rules, Environmental Law Service, September 2007
- Pavel, J., Efektivnost a transparentnost obecních obchodních společností. Praha, Transparency International– ČR, 2006
- Waldová, E., Smith, M. L., Financing of political parties in the Czech Republic. Analysis of annual financial reports of political parties represented in the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Parliament between 2006 – 2011, 2012
- Weiss, T., Reinforcing the transparency of the legislative process in the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic, Europeum, Institue for European Policy, p. 6
- Kraus L., Fadrný, M., Principles of the reform in the area of lobbying regulation, Institute of Sociology of the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic – Environmental Law Service
OTHER
- Good Governance: A new law from Good Governance, team of Good Governance and CEGG, 18 July 2013
- The Economist: Corporate Anonymity - Ultimate Privilege, 21 January 2012
- The Obama Administration’s Commitment to Open Government: A Status Report, 16 September 2011[online]
- What do data say about behaviour of grantors? CERGE-EI, ppt , 31 August 2011
- European Central Bank: Market Analysis of Shareholder Transparency Regimes in Europe, 11 February 2011